Вираз емоційних навичок серед індивідуальних і командних спортсменів чоловічої статі
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2018.0201Ключові слова:
емоційні навички, самосвідомість, саморегуляція, самооцінкаАнотація
Спортсмен повинен розпізнавати і управляти своїми емоціями, а також їх противниками і емоціями товаришів по команді, щоб добре тренуватися в спорті. Для спортсменів більш високі емоційні навички були пов'язані з більш високою продуктивністю в спорті. Мета: виявити особливості вираження емоційних навичок серед індивідуальних і командних спортсменів чоловічої статі. Матеріал: учасники представляли (n = 204) індивідуальні види спорту (легкоатлети, гімнасти, плавці, бадмінтоністи, гравці в настільний теніс, бодібілдери і велосипедисти) і командні (n = 212) види спорту (баскетбол, футбол, волейбол, гандбол та регбі) . Чоловіки-спортсмени з литовських спортивних клубів / шкіл, вік від 15 до 18 років. Заходи емоційних навичок оцінювалися з використанням шкали готовності до соціальної емоційної школі (BUSSE-SR), шкали самооцінки Розенберга і опитувальника емоційного інтелекту - коротка форма (TEIQue - SF). Для аналізу даних використовувалися описова статистика (середнє, стандартне відхилення), t-критерій Стьюдента і Кохен d. Результати: порівняння експресії емоційних навичок серед індивідуальних і командних спортсменів показало, що у командних спортсменів вище рівень самосвідомості і навичок саморегуляції, ніж у індивідуальних спортсменів. Тим часом, тест Стьюдента у незалежних вибірках показав, що немає ніяких істотних відмінностей між індивідуальними і командними спортсменами з точки зору їх здібностей виражати емоції і навички самооцінки. Висновки: результати кількісного дослідження підтвердили нашу дослідницьку гіпотезу про те, що спортсмени-чоловіки, які конкурують в командних видах спорту, матимуть більш розвинені емоційні навички, ніж в індивідуальних видах спорту: спортсмени-чоловіки з командних видів спорту мають більш розвинені навички самопізнання і саморегуляції, ніж спортсмени в індивідуальних видах спорту.Посилання
<p>Laborde S, Dosseville F, Allen MS. Emotional intelligence in sport and exercise: A systematic review. <i>Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports</i>, 2015; 26(8): 862-874. doi:10.1111/sms.12510</p>
<p>Korobeynikov G, Korobeinikova L, Shatskih V. Age, Psycho-Emotional States and Stress Resistance in Elite Wrestlers. <i>International Journal of Wrestling Science</i>, 2013;3:58–69. doi:10.1080/21615667.2013.10878970</p>
<p>Crombie D, Lombard C, Noakes TD. Emotional intelligence scores predict team sports performance in a national cricket competition. <i>International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching</i>, 2009; 4: 209–224.</p>
<p>Jones MV. <i>Emotion regulation and sport performance</i>. <i>The Oxford handbook of sport and performance psychology</i>. NewYork, NY: Oxford University Press; 2012.</p>
<p>Laborde S, Dosseville F, Guillén F, Chávez E. Validity of the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire in sports and its links with performance satisfaction. <i>Psychology of Sport and Exercise</i>, 2014; 15: 481–490.</p>
<p>Laborde S, Lautenbach F, Allen MS, Herbert C, Achtzehn S. The role of trait emotional intelligence in emotion regulation and performance under pressure. <i>Personality and Individual Differences</i>, 2014; 57: 43–47.</p>
<p>Laborde S, Raab M, Kinrade NP. Is the ability to keep your mind sharp under pressure reflected in your heart? Evidence for the neurophysiological bases of decision reinvestment. <i>Biological Psychology</i>, 2014; 100: 34–42.</p>
<p>Lane AM, Thelwell RC, Lowther J, Devonport TJ. Emotional intelligence and psychological skills use among athletes. <i>Social Behavior and Personality</i>, 2009; 37: 195–202.</p>
<p>Lane AM, Wilson MR. Emotions and trait emotional intelligence among ultra-endurance runners. <i>Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport</i>, 2011; 14: 358–362.</p>
<p>Lu FJ, Li GS, Hsu EY, Williams L. Relationship between athletes’ emotional intelligence and precompetitive anxiety. <i>Perceptual and Motor Skills</i>, 2010; 110: 323–338.</p>
<p>Kajbafnezhad H, Ahadi H, Heidarie A, Askari P, Enayati M. Predicting athletic success motivation using mental skills and emotional intelligence and its components in male athletes. <i>Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness</i>, 2012; 52: 551–557.</p>
<p>Crust L, Azadi K. Mental toughness and athletes’ use of psychological strategies. <i>European Journal of Sport Science</i>, 2010; 10(1): 43–51. doi:10.1080/17461390903049972</p>
<p>Dalwinder Singh, Simerjeet Kaur, Gaurav Dureja. Emotional maturity differentials among university students. <i>Journal of Physical Education and Sports Management</i>, 2012;3(3):41-45. doi:10.5897/JPESM11.076</p>
<p>Goleman D. <i>Emotional intelligence</i>. New York, NY; England: Bantam Books, Inc, 1995.</p>
<p>Stough C, Saklofske DH, Parker JDA. <i>Assessing emotional intelligence: theory, research, and applications</i>. New York, NY: Springer Science; 2009.</p>
<p>Mayer JD, Salovey P. What is emotional intelligence? In: Salovey P, Sluyter D, eds. <i>Emotional development and emotional intelligence: educational implications</i>. NewYork: Basic Books; 1997.</p>
<p>Petrides KV, Furnham, A. The role of trait emotional intelligence in a gender-specific model of organizational variables. <i>Journal of Applied Social Psychology</i>, 2006; 36: 552–569.</p>
<p>Hanin YL. Individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model: An idiographic approach to performance anxiety. In Henschen K, Straub W (Eds.), <i>Sport psychology: An analysis of athlete behavior</i> Longmeadow, MA: Movement Publications; 1995. P.103–119.</p>
<p>Abraham R. Emotional intelligence in organizations: A conceptualization. <i>Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs</i> [serial on the Internet], 1999 [cited 2018 Feb 2]; 125(2): 209-224. Available from: https://login.lib-proxy.usi.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/231513130?accountid=14752</p>
<p>Stambulova N. <i>Applied psychological work in individual & team sports</i>. Unpublished lecture handout. Halmstad University; 2006.</p>
<p>Totterdell P. Catching moods and hitting runs: Mood linkage and subjective performance in professional sport teams. <i>The Journal of Applied Psychology</i>, 2000; 85: 848–859.</p>
<p>Mann DTY, Williams AM, Ward P, Janelle CM. Perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport: A meta-analysis. <i>Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology</i>, 2007; 29: 457–478.</p>
<p>Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL). <i>Core SEL competencies</i> [document on the Internet]. Chicago: Author, 2017 (April) [cited 2018 Feb 8]. Available from: http://www.casel.org/core-competencies/</p>
<p>Rosenberg M. <i>Society and The Adolescent Self-Image</i>. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1989.</p>
<p>Mayer JD, Salovey P, Caruso DR, Cherkasskiy L. Emotional intelligence. In Sternberg RJ, Kaufman SB (Eds.), <i>The Cambridge handbook of intelligence</i> New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2011. P. 528-549).</p>
<p>Durlak J, Weissberg R, Dymnicki A, Taylor R, Schellinger K. The Impact of Enhancing Students’ Social and Emotional Learning: A MetaAnalysis of School-Based Universal Interventions. <i>Child Development</i>, 2011; 82(1): 405–432.</p>
<p>Schwarce J. <i>Grundlagen der Statistik 2. 5th edition. </i>Berlin: Neue Wirtschaftsbriefe; 1993.</p>
<p>Bustin C. <i>The development and validation of social emotional school readiness scale</i>. University of the Free State; 2007.</p>
<p>Malinauskas R, Klizas Š, Šniras Š. Social adjustment among students of middle school age during physical education lessons. <i>Education. Physical Training. Sport</i>. 2008; 2(69):52–56. (in Lithuanian)</p>
<p>Petrides KV, Furnham A. Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. <i>European Journal of Personality</i>, 2001; 15: 425–448.</p>
<p>Soflu GH, Esfahani N, Assadi H. The Comparison of emotional intelligence and psychological skills and their relationship with experience among individual and Team athletes in superior league. <i>Social and Behavioral Sciences</i>, 2011; 30: 2394–2400.</p>
<p>Singh KR, Mili A. Study of Emotional Intelligence among Players of Individual, Dual and Team Sports. <i>International Journal of Science and Research</i>, 2015; 12(5): 1101–1106.</p>
<p>Calmels C. <i>Development of mental skills among athletes</i>. Expert use in Elite Sport – INSEP. 2002..</p>
<p>McCarthy PJ, Jones M, Carter DC. Understanding enjoyment in youth sport: A developmental perspective. <i>Psychology of Sport and Exercise</i>, 2008; 9(2): 142–156.</p>
<p>Batinic TS, Svaic V, Babic J. Differences in emotional competence between individual and team sports athletes. <i>Proceedings of the 7th international scientific conference on kinesiology: fundamental and applied kinesiology – steps forward</i>, <i>2014 May 22 – 25; Opatija. </i>University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology Zagreb, Croatia; 2014. P. 552–555.</p>
<p>Madzar T, Milosevic M, Hrabac P, Heningsberg N. Psychological aspects of sports injuries among male professional soccer players in Croatia. <i>Kinesiology</i>. 2017;49(1):84-91. </p>
<p>Znazen H, Slimani M, Miarka B, Butovskaya M, Siala H, Messaoud T, et al. Mental skills comparison between elite sprint and endurance track and field runners according to their genetic polymorphism: a pilot study. <i>Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness</i>. 2017;57(9):1217-1226. doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.16.06441-0</p>
<p>Dunn EW, Brackett MA, Ashton-James C, Schneiderman E, Salovey P. On emotionally intelligent time travel: individual differences in affective forecasting ability. <i>Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin</i>, 2007; 33: 85–93.</p>
<p>Goleman D. <i>Working with emotional intelligence</i>. New York, NY; England: Bantam Books, Inc; 1998.</p>
<p>Sliter M, Chen YW, Withrow S, Sliter K. Older and (emotionally) smarter? Emotional intelligence as a mediator in the relationship between age and emotional labor strategies in service employees. <i>Experimental Aging Research</i>, 2013; 39(4): 466–479. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2013.808105</p>
<p>Maxwell JP, Visek AJ, Moores E. Anger and perceived legitimacy of aggression in male Hong Kong Chinese athletes: Effect of type of sport and level of competition. <i>Psychology of Sport and Exercise</i>, 2009; 10: 289–296.</p>
<p>Korobeynikov G, Korobeinikova L, Shatskih V. Age, Psycho-Emotional States and Stress Resistance in Elite Wrestlers. <i>International Journal of Wrestling Science</i>, 2013;3:58–69. doi:10.1080/21615667.2013.10878970</p>
<p>Crombie D, Lombard C, Noakes TD. Emotional intelligence scores predict team sports performance in a national cricket competition. <i>International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching</i>, 2009; 4: 209–224.</p>
<p>Jones MV. <i>Emotion regulation and sport performance</i>. <i>The Oxford handbook of sport and performance psychology</i>. NewYork, NY: Oxford University Press; 2012.</p>
<p>Laborde S, Dosseville F, Guillén F, Chávez E. Validity of the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire in sports and its links with performance satisfaction. <i>Psychology of Sport and Exercise</i>, 2014; 15: 481–490.</p>
<p>Laborde S, Lautenbach F, Allen MS, Herbert C, Achtzehn S. The role of trait emotional intelligence in emotion regulation and performance under pressure. <i>Personality and Individual Differences</i>, 2014; 57: 43–47.</p>
<p>Laborde S, Raab M, Kinrade NP. Is the ability to keep your mind sharp under pressure reflected in your heart? Evidence for the neurophysiological bases of decision reinvestment. <i>Biological Psychology</i>, 2014; 100: 34–42.</p>
<p>Lane AM, Thelwell RC, Lowther J, Devonport TJ. Emotional intelligence and psychological skills use among athletes. <i>Social Behavior and Personality</i>, 2009; 37: 195–202.</p>
<p>Lane AM, Wilson MR. Emotions and trait emotional intelligence among ultra-endurance runners. <i>Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport</i>, 2011; 14: 358–362.</p>
<p>Lu FJ, Li GS, Hsu EY, Williams L. Relationship between athletes’ emotional intelligence and precompetitive anxiety. <i>Perceptual and Motor Skills</i>, 2010; 110: 323–338.</p>
<p>Kajbafnezhad H, Ahadi H, Heidarie A, Askari P, Enayati M. Predicting athletic success motivation using mental skills and emotional intelligence and its components in male athletes. <i>Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness</i>, 2012; 52: 551–557.</p>
<p>Crust L, Azadi K. Mental toughness and athletes’ use of psychological strategies. <i>European Journal of Sport Science</i>, 2010; 10(1): 43–51. doi:10.1080/17461390903049972</p>
<p>Dalwinder Singh, Simerjeet Kaur, Gaurav Dureja. Emotional maturity differentials among university students. <i>Journal of Physical Education and Sports Management</i>, 2012;3(3):41-45. doi:10.5897/JPESM11.076</p>
<p>Goleman D. <i>Emotional intelligence</i>. New York, NY; England: Bantam Books, Inc, 1995.</p>
<p>Stough C, Saklofske DH, Parker JDA. <i>Assessing emotional intelligence: theory, research, and applications</i>. New York, NY: Springer Science; 2009.</p>
<p>Mayer JD, Salovey P. What is emotional intelligence? In: Salovey P, Sluyter D, eds. <i>Emotional development and emotional intelligence: educational implications</i>. NewYork: Basic Books; 1997.</p>
<p>Petrides KV, Furnham, A. The role of trait emotional intelligence in a gender-specific model of organizational variables. <i>Journal of Applied Social Psychology</i>, 2006; 36: 552–569.</p>
<p>Hanin YL. Individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model: An idiographic approach to performance anxiety. In Henschen K, Straub W (Eds.), <i>Sport psychology: An analysis of athlete behavior</i> Longmeadow, MA: Movement Publications; 1995. P.103–119.</p>
<p>Abraham R. Emotional intelligence in organizations: A conceptualization. <i>Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs</i> [serial on the Internet], 1999 [cited 2018 Feb 2]; 125(2): 209-224. Available from: https://login.lib-proxy.usi.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/231513130?accountid=14752</p>
<p>Stambulova N. <i>Applied psychological work in individual & team sports</i>. Unpublished lecture handout. Halmstad University; 2006.</p>
<p>Totterdell P. Catching moods and hitting runs: Mood linkage and subjective performance in professional sport teams. <i>The Journal of Applied Psychology</i>, 2000; 85: 848–859.</p>
<p>Mann DTY, Williams AM, Ward P, Janelle CM. Perceptual-cognitive expertise in sport: A meta-analysis. <i>Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology</i>, 2007; 29: 457–478.</p>
<p>Collaborative for Academic, Social, and Emotional Learning (CASEL). <i>Core SEL competencies</i> [document on the Internet]. Chicago: Author, 2017 (April) [cited 2018 Feb 8]. Available from: http://www.casel.org/core-competencies/</p>
<p>Rosenberg M. <i>Society and The Adolescent Self-Image</i>. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press; 1989.</p>
<p>Mayer JD, Salovey P, Caruso DR, Cherkasskiy L. Emotional intelligence. In Sternberg RJ, Kaufman SB (Eds.), <i>The Cambridge handbook of intelligence</i> New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2011. P. 528-549).</p>
<p>Durlak J, Weissberg R, Dymnicki A, Taylor R, Schellinger K. The Impact of Enhancing Students’ Social and Emotional Learning: A MetaAnalysis of School-Based Universal Interventions. <i>Child Development</i>, 2011; 82(1): 405–432.</p>
<p>Schwarce J. <i>Grundlagen der Statistik 2. 5th edition. </i>Berlin: Neue Wirtschaftsbriefe; 1993.</p>
<p>Bustin C. <i>The development and validation of social emotional school readiness scale</i>. University of the Free State; 2007.</p>
<p>Malinauskas R, Klizas Š, Šniras Š. Social adjustment among students of middle school age during physical education lessons. <i>Education. Physical Training. Sport</i>. 2008; 2(69):52–56. (in Lithuanian)</p>
<p>Petrides KV, Furnham A. Trait emotional intelligence: Psychometric investigation with reference to established trait taxonomies. <i>European Journal of Personality</i>, 2001; 15: 425–448.</p>
<p>Soflu GH, Esfahani N, Assadi H. The Comparison of emotional intelligence and psychological skills and their relationship with experience among individual and Team athletes in superior league. <i>Social and Behavioral Sciences</i>, 2011; 30: 2394–2400.</p>
<p>Singh KR, Mili A. Study of Emotional Intelligence among Players of Individual, Dual and Team Sports. <i>International Journal of Science and Research</i>, 2015; 12(5): 1101–1106.</p>
<p>Calmels C. <i>Development of mental skills among athletes</i>. Expert use in Elite Sport – INSEP. 2002..</p>
<p>McCarthy PJ, Jones M, Carter DC. Understanding enjoyment in youth sport: A developmental perspective. <i>Psychology of Sport and Exercise</i>, 2008; 9(2): 142–156.</p>
<p>Batinic TS, Svaic V, Babic J. Differences in emotional competence between individual and team sports athletes. <i>Proceedings of the 7th international scientific conference on kinesiology: fundamental and applied kinesiology – steps forward</i>, <i>2014 May 22 – 25; Opatija. </i>University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology Zagreb, Croatia; 2014. P. 552–555.</p>
<p>Madzar T, Milosevic M, Hrabac P, Heningsberg N. Psychological aspects of sports injuries among male professional soccer players in Croatia. <i>Kinesiology</i>. 2017;49(1):84-91. </p>
<p>Znazen H, Slimani M, Miarka B, Butovskaya M, Siala H, Messaoud T, et al. Mental skills comparison between elite sprint and endurance track and field runners according to their genetic polymorphism: a pilot study. <i>Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness</i>. 2017;57(9):1217-1226. doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.16.06441-0</p>
<p>Dunn EW, Brackett MA, Ashton-James C, Schneiderman E, Salovey P. On emotionally intelligent time travel: individual differences in affective forecasting ability. <i>Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin</i>, 2007; 33: 85–93.</p>
<p>Goleman D. <i>Working with emotional intelligence</i>. New York, NY; England: Bantam Books, Inc; 1998.</p>
<p>Sliter M, Chen YW, Withrow S, Sliter K. Older and (emotionally) smarter? Emotional intelligence as a mediator in the relationship between age and emotional labor strategies in service employees. <i>Experimental Aging Research</i>, 2013; 39(4): 466–479. doi: 10.1080/0361073X.2013.808105</p>
<p>Maxwell JP, Visek AJ, Moores E. Anger and perceived legitimacy of aggression in male Hong Kong Chinese athletes: Effect of type of sport and level of competition. <i>Psychology of Sport and Exercise</i>, 2009; 10: 289–296.</p>
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2018-04-30
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Akelaitis A, Malinauskas R. Вираз емоційних навичок серед індивідуальних і командних спортсменів чоловічої статі. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 30, Квітень 2018;22(2):62-7. доступний у10.15561/18189172.2018.0201
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