Вплив цільової орієнтації елітних спортсменів на основні психологічні потреби і страх невдачі
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2019.0308Ключові слова:
мета, его, страх невдачі, орієнтація, психологічні потребиАнотація
Мета: Це дослідження було проведено з метою проаналізувати цільову орієнтацію елітних спортсменів, основні психологічні потреби і страх невдачі з точки зору декількох змінних, а також виявити відмінності між цими змінними. Матеріал і методи: вибірка дослідження складалася з елітних спортсменів з різних галузей, які були в різних регіонах Туреччини в 2016-2017 роках. Кількість елітних спортсменів в цьому дослідженні склало (n = 521), в тому числі 378 чоловіків і 173 жінки. Ці елітні спортсмени були обрані методом випадкової вибірки. Як інструменти збору даних використовувалися шкала базових психологічних потреб, адаптована для турецької мови Kesici et al (2003), шкала страху невдачі, адаптована для турецької мови Kahraman and Sungur (2016), шкала завдань і орієнтація на его в спорті, адаптовані до турецького Торос (2004) були використані в дослідженні. Результати. Був зроблений висновок, що жінки менше бояться «неясного майбутнього» і «відчувають сором і зніяковілість», ніж чоловіки. Було виявлено, що з віком учасників зростають їх потреби у взаєминах, боязнь неясного майбутнього, боязнь відчувати сором і збентеження і орієнтація на завдання. З'ясувалося, що учасники з прямими гілками мали вищу «потреба в стосунках» і «страх перед незрозумілим майбутнім» в порівнянні з тими, у кого були непрямі гілки. Висновок: відповідно до результатів дослідження було встановлено, що існує значна різниця в субмерному страху невдачі з точки зору гендерної змінної, в субмерному страху невдачі, в основних психологічних потребах і в цільової орієнтації щодо вікова змінна, в базових психологічних потребах суб-вимірювання і в страху невдачі з точки зору галузевої варіації (прямої - непрямої) змінної.Посилання
1. Diener E. Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 1984;95(3):542- 75.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
2. Yetim Ü. Toplumdan Bireye Mutluluk Resimleri [Happiness From Society]. Ankara: Bağlam Yayınları; 2000. (In Turkish)
3. Bruın AP, De Bakker FC, Oudejans RRD. Achievement goal theory and disordered eating: Relationships between female gymnasts’ goal orientations, perceived motivational climate and disordered eating correlates. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009;10:72- 9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.002
4. Duda JL. Relationship between task and ego orientation and the perceived purpose of sport among high school athletes. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1989;11, 318- 35.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.11.3.318
5. Figueiredo AJ, Goncalves CE, Silva MJCE, Malina RM. Youth soccer players, 11-14 years: Maturity, size, function, skill and goal orientation. Annals of Human Biology, 2009;36(1):60- 73.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460802570584
6. Jackson S, Thomas P, Marsh H, Smethurst C. Relationships between flow, self-concept psychological skills, and performance. Journal of Applied Sport, 2001;13(2): 129- 53.
https://doi.org/10.1080/104132001753149865
7. Ryan RM, Sheldon KM, Kasser T, Deci EL. All goals are not created equal: An organismic perspective on the nature of goals and their regulation. Psychology, 1996;13:129-53.
8. Gülle M. Investigation of physical education and sports high school students’ critical thinkıng and empathy level. (Doctoral dissertation). Institute of Education Sciences, Sakarya University; 2015.
9. Seker R. Effects of elite sportsmen's goal orientation on basic psychological needs and fear of failure. Çorum: Institute of Health Sciences, Hitit University; 2017.
10. Karasar N. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi [Scientific Research Method]. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık; 2012. (In Turkish)
11. Deci EL, Ryan RM. The “What” and “Why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 2000;11(4):227- 68.
https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
12. Kesici Ş, Üre Ö, Bozgeyikli H, Sünbül AM. Temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği [Validity and reliability of the basic psychological needs scale]. VII. National PDR Proceding Book, Inonu University, Malatya; 2003. (In Turkish)
13. Conroy D E. Fear of failure: An exemplar for social development research in sport. Quest, 2001;53(2):165- 83.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2001.10491736
14. Conroy DE, Willow JP, Metzler JN. Multidimensional measurement of fear of failure: The performance failure appraisal inventory. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2002;14:76- 90.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200252907752
15. Kahraman N, Sungur S. Adaptation of the performance failure appraisal ınventory (PFAI) into Turkish. Journal of Kirsehir Education Faculty, 2016;17(3):223-39.
16. Toros T. Goal orienration, motivational cumate and life satisfaction among elite and non-elite male basketball players in Turkey. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2001;13(3):24-36.
17. Conroy DE, Elliot AJ. Fear of failure and achievement goals in sport: Addressing the issue of the chicken and the egg. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 2004;17(3):271- 285.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1061580042000191642
18. Elliot AJ, Sheldon KM, Church MA. Avoidance personal goals and subjective well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1997;23(9):915- 27.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167297239001
19. Elliot AJ, Shell MM, Henry KB, Maier MA. Achievement goals, performance contingencies, and performance attainment: An experimental test. Journal of Educational Psychology, 2005;97(4): 630.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.97.4.630
20. Engür M. Performans başarısızlığı değerlendirme envanteri ve kendinle konuşma anketi’nin Türk Sporcu Popülasyonu’na uyarlanması ve uygulanması [The Performance failure appraisal ınventory and self-talk questionnaires adapted into Turkish for athletes.]. (Doctoral dissertation), İzmir: Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University; 2011. (In Turkish)
21. Elison J, Pulos S, Lennon R. Shame-focused coping: An empirical study of the compass of shame. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 2006;34(2):161- 68.
https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.2.161
22. Bayraktar G. The relevance of wrestlers’ assertiveness with their individual success. Selçuk University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 2007;12(1):6-11. (In Turkish)
23. Atalay F. Yuva öğretmenlerinin psikolojik ihtiyaç örüntüleri [The psychological need patterns of pre-school teachers] (Master’s thesis). Ankara: Institute of Social Sciences, Gazi University; 1994. (In Turkish)
24. Sarı İ, Yenigün Ö, Altıncı EE, Öztürk A. Effect of satisfaction of the basic psychological needs on general self-efficacy and trait anxiety (Example of Sakarya University department of sport management). Spormetre, 2011;9(4):149-56.
25. Kim MJ, Shin J, Taylor J, Mattek A, Samantha C, Whalen P. Intolerance of uncertainty predicts ıncreased striatal volume. Emotion, 2017;17(6):895- 99.
https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000331
26. Vealey RS. Fear of failure in the context of competitive sport: a commentary. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 2008;3(2):179- 83.
https://doi.org/10.1260/174795408785100752
27. Weiner B. A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1979;71:3- 25.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.1.3
28. Weiner B, Frieze I, Kukla A, Reed L, Rest S, Rosenbaum RM. Perceiving the causes of success and failure. In: Jones EE, Kanouse DE, Kelley HH, Nisbett RR, Valling S, Weiner B. (Eds.), Attribution: Perceiving the Causes of Behavior. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Pres; 1972.
29. Freud S. The Problem of Anxiety. New York: Norton; 1936.
30. Treasure DC, Paul J, Carpenter PJ, Power KTD. Relationship between achievement goal orientations and the perceived purposes of playing rugby union for professional and amateur players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2000;5(18):571– 77.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050082288
31. Kaygusuz Ş, Körmükçü Y, Adalı H. Examination of life satisfaction with ego and duty tendency in sports by variables for students of school of physical education and sports. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 2016;4(Supp..3):853- 53.
https://doi.org/10.14486/IntJSCS635
32. Üngür G. Amatör ve profesyonel futbolcularda hedef yönelimi ve algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between goal orientation and perceıved motivational climate in amateur and professıonal footballers] (Master’s thesis). İzmir: Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University; 2019.
33. Ünlü H. Basic psychological needs of preservice physical education teacher. Sport Sciences, 2009;4(3):210-17.
34. Bilge F. Sporcuların psikolojik ihtiyaçları [The psychological needs of sportsmen]. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 1992;3(2):10-17. (In Turkish)
https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542
2. Yetim Ü. Toplumdan Bireye Mutluluk Resimleri [Happiness From Society]. Ankara: Bağlam Yayınları; 2000. (In Turkish)
3. Bruın AP, De Bakker FC, Oudejans RRD. Achievement goal theory and disordered eating: Relationships between female gymnasts’ goal orientations, perceived motivational climate and disordered eating correlates. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2009;10:72- 9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.07.002
4. Duda JL. Relationship between task and ego orientation and the perceived purpose of sport among high school athletes. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1989;11, 318- 35.
https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.11.3.318
5. Figueiredo AJ, Goncalves CE, Silva MJCE, Malina RM. Youth soccer players, 11-14 years: Maturity, size, function, skill and goal orientation. Annals of Human Biology, 2009;36(1):60- 73.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03014460802570584
6. Jackson S, Thomas P, Marsh H, Smethurst C. Relationships between flow, self-concept psychological skills, and performance. Journal of Applied Sport, 2001;13(2): 129- 53.
https://doi.org/10.1080/104132001753149865
7. Ryan RM, Sheldon KM, Kasser T, Deci EL. All goals are not created equal: An organismic perspective on the nature of goals and their regulation. Psychology, 1996;13:129-53.
8. Gülle M. Investigation of physical education and sports high school students’ critical thinkıng and empathy level. (Doctoral dissertation). Institute of Education Sciences, Sakarya University; 2015.
9. Seker R. Effects of elite sportsmen's goal orientation on basic psychological needs and fear of failure. Çorum: Institute of Health Sciences, Hitit University; 2017.
10. Karasar N. Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemi [Scientific Research Method]. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık; 2012. (In Turkish)
11. Deci EL, Ryan RM. The “What” and “Why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 2000;11(4):227- 68.
https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
12. Kesici Ş, Üre Ö, Bozgeyikli H, Sünbül AM. Temel psikolojik ihtiyaçlar ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği [Validity and reliability of the basic psychological needs scale]. VII. National PDR Proceding Book, Inonu University, Malatya; 2003. (In Turkish)
13. Conroy D E. Fear of failure: An exemplar for social development research in sport. Quest, 2001;53(2):165- 83.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2001.10491736
14. Conroy DE, Willow JP, Metzler JN. Multidimensional measurement of fear of failure: The performance failure appraisal inventory. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2002;14:76- 90.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200252907752
15. Kahraman N, Sungur S. Adaptation of the performance failure appraisal ınventory (PFAI) into Turkish. Journal of Kirsehir Education Faculty, 2016;17(3):223-39.
16. Toros T. Goal orienration, motivational cumate and life satisfaction among elite and non-elite male basketball players in Turkey. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2001;13(3):24-36.
17. Conroy DE, Elliot AJ. Fear of failure and achievement goals in sport: Addressing the issue of the chicken and the egg. Anxiety, Stress & Coping: An International Journal, 2004;17(3):271- 285.
https://doi.org/10.1080/1061580042000191642
18. Elliot AJ, Sheldon KM, Church MA. Avoidance personal goals and subjective well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1997;23(9):915- 27.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167297239001
19. Elliot AJ, Shell MM, Henry KB, Maier MA. Achievement goals, performance contingencies, and performance attainment: An experimental test. Journal of Educational Psychology, 2005;97(4): 630.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.97.4.630
20. Engür M. Performans başarısızlığı değerlendirme envanteri ve kendinle konuşma anketi’nin Türk Sporcu Popülasyonu’na uyarlanması ve uygulanması [The Performance failure appraisal ınventory and self-talk questionnaires adapted into Turkish for athletes.]. (Doctoral dissertation), İzmir: Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University; 2011. (In Turkish)
21. Elison J, Pulos S, Lennon R. Shame-focused coping: An empirical study of the compass of shame. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 2006;34(2):161- 68.
https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2006.34.2.161
22. Bayraktar G. The relevance of wrestlers’ assertiveness with their individual success. Selçuk University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 2007;12(1):6-11. (In Turkish)
23. Atalay F. Yuva öğretmenlerinin psikolojik ihtiyaç örüntüleri [The psychological need patterns of pre-school teachers] (Master’s thesis). Ankara: Institute of Social Sciences, Gazi University; 1994. (In Turkish)
24. Sarı İ, Yenigün Ö, Altıncı EE, Öztürk A. Effect of satisfaction of the basic psychological needs on general self-efficacy and trait anxiety (Example of Sakarya University department of sport management). Spormetre, 2011;9(4):149-56.
25. Kim MJ, Shin J, Taylor J, Mattek A, Samantha C, Whalen P. Intolerance of uncertainty predicts ıncreased striatal volume. Emotion, 2017;17(6):895- 99.
https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000331
26. Vealey RS. Fear of failure in the context of competitive sport: a commentary. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 2008;3(2):179- 83.
https://doi.org/10.1260/174795408785100752
27. Weiner B. A theory of motivation for some classroom experiences. Journal of Educational Psychology, 1979;71:3- 25.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.71.1.3
28. Weiner B, Frieze I, Kukla A, Reed L, Rest S, Rosenbaum RM. Perceiving the causes of success and failure. In: Jones EE, Kanouse DE, Kelley HH, Nisbett RR, Valling S, Weiner B. (Eds.), Attribution: Perceiving the Causes of Behavior. Morristown, NJ: General Learning Pres; 1972.
29. Freud S. The Problem of Anxiety. New York: Norton; 1936.
30. Treasure DC, Paul J, Carpenter PJ, Power KTD. Relationship between achievement goal orientations and the perceived purposes of playing rugby union for professional and amateur players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2000;5(18):571– 77.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410050082288
31. Kaygusuz Ş, Körmükçü Y, Adalı H. Examination of life satisfaction with ego and duty tendency in sports by variables for students of school of physical education and sports. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 2016;4(Supp..3):853- 53.
https://doi.org/10.14486/IntJSCS635
32. Üngür G. Amatör ve profesyonel futbolcularda hedef yönelimi ve algılanan motivasyonel iklim arasındaki ilişki [The relationship between goal orientation and perceıved motivational climate in amateur and professıonal footballers] (Master’s thesis). İzmir: Institute of Health Sciences, Ege University; 2019.
33. Ünlü H. Basic psychological needs of preservice physical education teacher. Sport Sciences, 2009;4(3):210-17.
34. Bilge F. Sporcuların psikolojik ihtiyaçları [The psychological needs of sportsmen]. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 1992;3(2):10-17. (In Turkish)
##submission.downloads##
Опубліковано
2019-06-29
Як цитувати
1.
Şeker R. Вплив цільової орієнтації елітних спортсменів на основні психологічні потреби і страх невдачі. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 29, Червень 2019;23(3):155-61. доступний у10.15561/18189172.2019.0308
Номер
Ліцензія
Copyright Holder - Author(s).
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: more
Statistics
Abstract views: 1108 / PDF downloads: 733
