FAT-FREE MASS INDEX AND FAT MASS INDEX OF INHABITANTS OF THE CITY OF BIALA PODLASKA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2015.0712Keywords:
body composition, fat-free mass index, fat mass index, norm referencesAbstract
Introduction: A steady and considerable increase in the incidence of overweight and obesity is observed in the majority of developed countries. It affects every age group, regardless of sex and race. One of the causes of this negative trend, which has already reached an epidemic scale, is negative changes in lifestyle. We spend increasingly more time in front of a TV or a computer screen at the expense of other activities requiring energy expenditure. Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze changes in body components of adult inhabitants of Biala Podlaska and determine the reference values for FFMI and FMI. Materials and method: The examined 668 women and 674 men (20 years old and older) inhabitants of Biala Podlaska. Values of somatic traits were evaluated on the basis of anthropometric measurements. Tissue composition was evaluated with the bioelectrical impedance method. Results: The reference values of FMI (25th-75th centile) in women ranged from 7.15 kg/m 2 to 12.93 kg/m 2, whereas in men from 4.94 kg/m 2 to 9.43 kg/m 2. In women the reference values FFMI ranged from 15.29 kg/m 2 to17.28 kg/m 2 and were similar in all calendar age groups. The reference values for all men ranged between 18.76 kg/m 2 and 22.01 kg/m 2 and were the lowest in the oldest category of age. Conclusions: The data presented in the following study might be useful for physicians and nutritionists as control values.References
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<p>Schutz Y, Kyle UG, Pichard C. Fat-free mass index and fat mass index percentiles in Caucasians aged 18-98 y. <i>Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord</i>, 2002;26(7):953-960.</p>
<p>van Itallie TB, Yang MU, Heymsfield SB, Funk RC, Boileau RA. Height-normalized indices of the body's fat-free mass and fat mass: potentially useful indicators of nutritional status. <i>Am J Clin Nutr</i>, 1990;52(6):953-959.</p>
<p>Vermeeren MA, Creutzberg EC, Schols AM, Postma DS, Pieters WR, Roldaan AC, et al. Prevalence of nutritional depletion in a large out-patient population of patients with COPD. <i>Respir Med</i>, 2006;100(8):1349-1355.</p>
<p>Webb EA, Kuh D, Pajak A, Kubinova R, Malyutina S, Bobak M. Estimation of secular trends in adult height, and childhood socioeconomic circumstances in three Eastern European populations. <i>Econ Hum Biol</i>, 2008;6(2):228-236.</p>
<p><i>World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Fact Sheet</i>. No 311. September 2006. [cited 2015 May 21] Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/</p>
<p>Arcaleni E. Secular trend and regional differences in the stature of Italians, 1854-1980. <i>Econ Hum Biol</i> 2006;4(1):24-38.</p>
<p>Berghöfer A, Pischon T, Reinhold T, Apovian CM, Sharma AM, Willich SN. Obesity prevalence from a European perspectives: a systematic review. <i>BMC Public Healt.</i> 2008;5(8):200-208.</p>
<p>Blake CE, Wethington E, Farrell TJ, Bisogni CA, Devine CM. Behavioral context, food-choice coping strategies and dietary quality of a multiethnic sample of employed parents. <i>J Am Diet Assos</i>, 2011;111(3):401–407.</p>
<p>Coin A, Sergi G, Minicuci N, Giannini S, Barbiero E, Manzato E, Pedrazzoni M, Minisola S, Rossini M, Del Puente A, Zamboni M, Inelmen EM, Enzi G. Fat-free mass and fat mass reference values by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a 20-80 yaer-old Italian population. <i>Clin Nutr</i>, 2008;27(1):87-94.</p>
<p>Forbs GB. Exercise and lean weight: the influence of body weight. <i>Nutr Re,</i> 1992;50(6):157-161.</p>
<p>Heo M, Faith MS, Pietrobelli A, Heymsfield SB. Percentage of body fat cutoffs by sex, age, and race-ethnicity in the US adult population from NHANES 1999-2004. <i>Am J Clin Nutr</i>, 2012;95(3):594-602.</p>
<p>Heyward VH, Wagner DR. <i>Applied Body Composition Assessment</i>. 2nd Edition. Champaign: Human Kinetics; 2004.</p>
<p>Hu FB, Li TY, Cololitz G, Willett WC, Manson JE. Television watching and other sedentary behavior in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. <i>J Am Med Assos</i>, 2003;289(14):1785-1789.</p>
<p>Hyde R. Europe battles with obesity. <i>The Lancet</i>, 2008;371(9631):2160-2161.</p>
<p>Jackson AS, Stanforth PR, Gagnon J, Rankinen T, Leon AS, Rao DC, Skinner JS, Bouchard C, Wilmore JH. The effect of sex, age and race on estimating percentage body fat from body mass index: The Heritage Family Study. <i>Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord</i>, 2002;26(6):789-796.</p>
<p>James WPT. The epidemiology of obesity: the size of the problem. <i>J Intern Med</i>, 2008;263(4):336-352.</p>
<p>Jarosz M, Rychlik E. Overweight and obesity among adults in Poland, 1983-2005. <i>Adv Med Sci</i>, 2008;53(2):158-166.</p>
<p>Juresa V, Musil V, Tiljak MK. Growth charts for Croatian school children and secular trends in past twenty years. <i>Coll Antropol</i>, 2012;36(1):47-57.</p>
<p>Kim Ch, Chung S, Kim H, Park JH, Park SH, Ji JW, Han SW, Lee JC, Kim JH, Park YB, Nam HS, Kim C. Norm references of fat-free mass index and fat mass index and subtypes of obesity based on the combined FFMI – %BF indices in the Korean adults aged 18–89yr. <em>Obesity Research & Clinical Practic,</em>2011;5(3):210-219<i>.</i></p>
<p>Kyle UG, Genton L, Gremion G, Slosman DO, Pichard C. Aging, physical activity and height-normalized body composition parameters. <i>Clin Nu,</i> 2004;23(1):79-88.</p>
<p>Kyle UG, Schutz Y, Dupertuis YM, Pichard C, Body composition interpretation. Contributions of the fat-free mass index and the body fat mass index. <i>Nutrition,</i> 2003;19(7-8):597-604.</p>
<p>Li Z, Heber D. Sarcopenic obesity in the elderly and strategies for weight management. <i>Nutr Rev</i>, 2012;70(1):57-64.</p>
<p>Malina RM, Bouchard C, Bar-or O. <i>Growth, maturation and physical activity</i>. 2<sup>nd</sup> edition. Human Kinetics Books, Champaign, Illinois; 2004</p>
<p>Martin R, Saller K. <i>Lehrbuch der Anthropologie in method</i>. (ed.) G. Fischer. Verlag. Stuttgart; 1957. (in German)</p>
<p>Meeuwsen S, Horgan GW, Elia M. The relationship between BMI and percent body fat, measured by bioelectrical impedance, in a large adult sample is curvilinear and influenced by age and sex. <i>Clin Nutr</i>, 2010;29(5):560-566.</p>
<p>Minas M., Papaioannou A.I., Tsaroucha A., Daniil Z., Hatzoglou C., Sgantzos M., Gourgoulianis KI, Kostikas K. Body composition in severe refractory asthma: comparison with COPD patients and healthy smokers. <i>PLoS One</i>, 2010;6-5(10):13233.</p>
<p>Pichard C, Kyle UG, Morabia A, Perrier A, Vermeulen B, Unger P. Nutritional assessment: lean body mass depletion at hospital admission in associated with an increased length of stay. <i>Am J Clin Nutr</i>, 2004;79(4):613-618.</p>
<p>Saczuk J. Wasiluk A. Changes in the somatic and fitness variables in girls over two decades. <i>Biomedical Human Kinetics</i> 2010;2:102-105.</p>
<p>Schutz Y, Kyle UG, Pichard C. Fat-free mass index and fat mass index percentiles in Caucasians aged 18-98 y. <i>Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord</i>, 2002;26(7):953-960.</p>
<p>van Itallie TB, Yang MU, Heymsfield SB, Funk RC, Boileau RA. Height-normalized indices of the body's fat-free mass and fat mass: potentially useful indicators of nutritional status. <i>Am J Clin Nutr</i>, 1990;52(6):953-959.</p>
<p>Vermeeren MA, Creutzberg EC, Schols AM, Postma DS, Pieters WR, Roldaan AC, et al. Prevalence of nutritional depletion in a large out-patient population of patients with COPD. <i>Respir Med</i>, 2006;100(8):1349-1355.</p>
<p>Webb EA, Kuh D, Pajak A, Kubinova R, Malyutina S, Bobak M. Estimation of secular trends in adult height, and childhood socioeconomic circumstances in three Eastern European populations. <i>Econ Hum Biol</i>, 2008;6(2):228-236.</p>
<p><i>World Health Organization. Obesity and overweight. Fact Sheet</i>. No 311. September 2006. [cited 2015 May 21] Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/</p>
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2015-07-28
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Wasiluk A, Saczuk J. FAT-FREE MASS INDEX AND FAT MASS INDEX OF INHABITANTS OF THE CITY OF BIALA PODLASKA. Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 2015;19(7):85-91. https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2015.0712
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