CHANGES IN MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN WHO TRAIN SPORTS SWIMMING AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF SCHOOL EDUCATION (IN ANNUAL TRAINING CYCLE)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2015.12017Keywords:
selection, motor fitness, swimming, girlsAbstract
Introduction: This is an empirical article aiming at defining the changes of motor fitness in children practicing swimming at early stage of training in year-long training cycle. Proper selection of candidates to practice certain sports is a very complex process. One needs to select from the very large population of children, girls and boys, characterized by certain features, including somatic and motor features, which developed in a longstanding process of training, will lead them to become champions. The purpose of the research: The purpose of the research was to define the changes of motor fitness in girls’ practicing swimming at early stage of training in year-long training cycle. Material and Methods: The subjects to the research were 85 girls aged 7 (1st year of primary school), including 36 girls in swimming group and 49 girls in control group. 36 of them belonged to swimmers’ group- all girls were members of the Municipal Swimming Club in Szczecin. Control group consisted of 49 girls, who attended the same elementary schools. The examinations were carried out twice in the 2009-2010 academic year. The most reliable and accurate indirect test- EUROFIT Test Battery-was used. Results : The research revealed changes in both groups (Sw, C) in terms of all eight tests. Examination II proved statistically significant improvement of results in both groups (Sw, C) in comparison to Examination I. The dynamics of changes in general balance, flexibility, static force, functional force, running agility, was bigger in the girls who practiced swimming. As the speed of movement of upper limb, explosive force and thorax force are concerned; the differences of results in both examinations were similar in both groups (swimming group and control group). Progressive changes in motor fitness of the examined groups are a positive phenomenon in the development of child’s young organism. Conclusions: Swimming training significantly affected the dynamics of changes in motor fitness of girls at early stage of training, compared with control group (non-swimmers). Regular participation in sports activities (including swimming) positively affects the development of child’s motor (physical) fitness.References
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<p>Chomiak J, Migasiewicz J. The organization of selection and training of children attending athletic schools. In: (ed.) Kowlaski P., Migasiewicz J. <i>Swimming and athletics in schools</i> (Wrocław - Srebrna Góra 1996, 1997]. Wrocław: AWF; 1998.</p>
<p>Cięszczyk P. Attempt to Comprehensive Analysis of Selection for Sport on the Basis of Team Sports. <i>Antropomotoryka (Kinesiology)</i> 2005;32:59-71.</p>
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<p>Eider P. Selection in swimming training- theoretical study. No. 1 in Szczecin. <i>Centr Eur J Sport Sci.</i> 2014;5(1):65-75.</p>
<p>Denisiuk L, Milicerowa H. <i>Development of motor fitness of schoolchildren and adolescents</i>. Warsaw: PZWS; 1969.</p>
<p>Dziedziczak K, Witkowski M Physical development and fitness of children training swimming. <i>Wychowanie Fizyczne i Sport</i> 1998;4:13-20. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Grabowski H, Szopa J. EUROFIT. <i>Physical Fitness Test Battery</i>. Kraków: AWF; 1991. </p>
<p>Karpiński R, Opyrchał Cz. Swimming at the Olympic Games in Beijing- the analysis of sports level, age and somatic characteristics of swimmers. <i>Sport Wyczynowy</i> 2008;10-12:7- 23. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Kolbowicz M. <i>The effectiveness of special physical preparation in a longstanding proces of sports training of rowers of the Olympic squad</i>. PhD thesis- typescript. Poznań: AWF; 2012.</p>
<p>Kosmol A. Swimming at the Olympic Games in Atlanta and Barcelona. <i>Sport Wyczynowy</i> 1997;7-8:9- 24. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Opyrchał Cz, Karpiński R, Sachnowski K. The process of longstanding training of elite swimmers. <i>Sport Wyczynowy</i> 2005;9-10:57-67. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Osiński W. <i>The theory of physical education</i>. Poznań: AWF; 2011. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Pietrusik K. The formation of motor skills and physical fitness in children practicing sports swimming. <i>Roczniki Naukowe</i> 1981;30:107-125. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Przewęda R. <i>Somatic and motor development</i>. Warsaw: WSiP; 1981. </p>
<p>Socha S. Athletics and swimming at the Olympic Games in Beijing. <i>Sport Wyczynowy</i> 2008;10-12:24-34. (in Polish)</p>
<p>Szopa J, Chwała W, Rychlewicz T. Examination of the structure of energetic motor skills and the their testing accuracy. <i>Antropomotoryka</i> 1998;17:3-41. </p>
<p>Torrance B, McGuire KA, Lewanczuk R, McGavock J. Overweight, physical activity and high blood pressure in children: a review literature<i>. Vasc Health Risk Manag</i> 2007;3(1):139–149.</p>
<p>Wilk K, Eider P. The evaluation of motor skills of 1–4 grade music-oriented male students in Primary School Complex. No. 2 in Szczecin. <i>Centr Eur J Sport Sci</i>. 2014;6(2):35–58.</p>
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2015-12-28
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Eider P. CHANGES IN MOTOR SKILLS OF CHILDREN WHO TRAIN SPORTS SWIMMING AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF SCHOOL EDUCATION (IN ANNUAL TRAINING CYCLE). Pedagogics, psychology, medical-biological problems of physical training and sports. 2015;19(12):109-1. https://doi.org/10.15561/18189172.2015.12017
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