Special aspects of motor abilities development in 6-10 years’ age girls

Purpose: To find structural model of motor fitness group dynamic in 6-10 years’ age girls. Material: in the research 6 years girls (n=36), 7 years’ age girls (n=48), 8 years girls (n=57), 9 years (n=38), and 10 years girls (n=46) participated. Results: analysis of motor fitness factorial model permitted to obtain information, required for taking decision in management of physical education and working out effective programs of girls’ physical training. We found opportunities for receiving metrical estimations of measurements’ reliability: stability, concordance and information value of control data for current diagnostic and prognostication of children’s physical potentials. In motor fitness factorial models of girls we marked out 6 the most important factors, complied with age: complex development of coordination; quickness, speed power and flexibility; flexibility; strength and motor coordination; coordination and quickness; quickness. Conclusions: in girls we observed multi-factorial structure of motor fitness. For every age we composed informative tests for motor fitness control.


Introduction
The problem of motor activity and health strengthening is rather relevant in Ukraine and in Europe [9,31]. Health improvement and rising of children's and teenagers' workability depends on optimal motor activity, which is ensured by physical education at school [5,30].
One of conditions of schoolchildren's physical education effectiveness is organization of pedagogic control at physical culture lessons [15,21]. Effectiveness of pedagogic control depends on the presence of object to be controlled and informative value of indicators, which characterize the changes of his/her state [14, 17,18]. It was found that modeling is an effective method of receiving new information for realization of current and summarizing control on the base of children's and teenagers' testing [13,19,26]. Factorial and discriminant analysis is one of methods of statistic modeling. Effectiveness of their application is illustrated by scientific data [12,25,34]. The mentioned works witness about demand in searching methodological approaches to solution motor fitness problem and motor fitness control in schoolchildren.
That is why it would be reasonable to analyze special aspects of 6-10 years girls' motor fitness. On the base of motor abilities' factorial structure analysis it is possible to receive new information.
The purpose of the research is to find structural model of motor fitness group dynamic in 6-10 years' age girls.
Organization of the research: for solution of our tasks we used the following methods of research: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogic testing and methods of mathematical statistic. Factorial analysis we used as the method of modeling.
In testing program we included commonly known tests [23]. For assessment the girls' motor fitness we registered the results of the following motor tests: static stance on one foot (sec.); walking along segments of hexagon (steps); combined movements of arms, torso and legs (errors); walking along straight line after 5 rotations, deviations (cm); shuttle run 4×9 m (sec.); 30 m run (sec.); frequency of arms' movements (times); catching of falling Dietrich's stick (cm); long jump from the spot (cm); 300 meters' run (sec.); arms' bending and unbending in mixed hanging on rope (times); torso rising in sitting position during 1 minute (times); torso bending from sitting position (cm); index assessment of backbone mobility; index assessment of shoulder joints' mobility.
Statistical analysis: for analyzing the structure of motor abilities level we used factorial analysis -the method of principle factors. The determined factors were processed by Varimax criterion.

Results
The structural model of girls' motor fitness dynamic we fulfilled factorial analysis by 15 indicators of testing.
The analysis permitted to determine five factors, explaining 82.824% of variation dispersion in 6 years' girls.
The forth factor with informative value of 13.104% has the highest correlation with the tests' results: № 11 "Arms' bending and unbending in mixed hanging on rope" (.908), №4 "Walking along straight line after 5 rotations, deviations" (-0.896). The factor characterizes power fitness and vestibular stability.
The fifth factor (informative value 12.530%) correlates with test: № 12 "Torso rising in sitting position during 1 minute" (.907) and characterizes power endurance. The factor was named "Power endurance".
Thus, in factorial model of motor fitness the following parameters are marked out: complex development of flexibility and motor coordination (factor 1); endurance and motor coordination (factor 2); quickness, speed-power and general coordination (factor 3); strength and vestibular stability (factor 4) and power endurance (factors 5). Analysis of communities (h2) showed that for assessment of 6 years girls' motor fitness the most informative are tests №2 "Walking along hexagon segments" (.961), №4 "Walking along straight line after 5 rotations, deviations" (-0.946), and № 15 "Index assessment of shoulder joints' mobility" (-.931).
In 7 years girls we found six factors, explaining 68.111% of dispersion variants.
Analysis permitted to determine five factors, explaining 70.665% of dispersion variants, in 8 years girls.
Sixth factor (informative value 8.727%) correlates with the following tests: № 11 "Arms' bending and unbending in mixed hanging on rope" (.847). The factor was named "Power endurance".
In 9 years girls analysis resulted in five factors, which explain 64.657% of dispersion variants.
Concerning 10 yrs girls, analysis permitted to find five factors, which explain 77.158% of dispersion variants.

Discussion
The received results supplement the data about factorial and discriminate analysis's application for determination of children's and teenagers' motor fitness structure [8,11,29]. In other works high prognostic value of factorial analysis in determination of model and informative indicators of primary school age children was studied [27,28]. The received data arevery important for assessment of primary schoolchildren's readiness for motor actions' training. They supplement the data about development of motor abilities influence on effectiveness of learning [32] and point at demand in strength's training [8,11].
Our results prove the data of other study [36]. These authors note that such approach permits to obtain metrical results of measurements' reliability: stability, concordance and informative value of control data for current diagnostic and prognostication of children's sport potentials.
In other work discriminat analysis permitted to find informative tests for comprehensive control of primary school boys' motor fitness [24]. It confirms the correctness of the chosen by us direction of research.
The received by us results expand information about special aspects of children's and teenagers' motor abilities' development and about possibility to obtain new information with the help of modeling [21,35]. The results of our research witness that the received information is required for taking decisions in managing of physical education and for working out of effective physical training programs for 6-10 yrs girls.

Conclusions:
Factorial analysis permitted to form the model of motor fitness and specify informative tests for their pedagogic control in every age group.

PEDAGOGICS PSYCHOLOGY
In factorial model of girls' motor fitness the highest specific weight is in the following: 6 years -complex development of flexibility and motor coordination (factor 1), endurance and motor coordination (factor 2); quickness, speed-power and general coordination (factor 3); strength and vestibular stability (factor 4); power endurance (factor 5).